4G networks need optical wireless backhaul
As wireless networks evolve to 4G and beyond, bandwidth to each cell tower increases dramatically. This means your mobile backhaul network needs to adapt and grow, too.
In addition, wireless network element interfaces are transitioning from traditional Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), such as T1s/E1s/DS3s, to IP connections using Ethernet interfaces. By changing the paradigm of how networks are built, you can lower cost per bit, while increasing network flexibility and reliability.
It's important to consider these factors when you select a next-generation wireless backhaul solution. Here are four mobile backhaul options that are worth examining.
Option 1: TDM and Ethernet Hybrid
As operators upgrade to 4G, they often must support existing TDM-based backhaul connections along with new Ethernet backhaul links. In the simplest form, the incumbent wireless backhaul provider can add parallel TDM and/or Ethernet facilities. If growth is significant, the solution might call for Wave Division Multiplexing (WDM), which employs the same fiber optic cables for TDM and Ethernet traffic.
The resulting backhaul network utilizes TDM, WDM and Ethernet elements, typically with independent vendor contracts and management systems.
Option 2: TDM to Ethernet
More aggressive operators, or those with limited space, may choose to totally replace TDM transport systems with Ethernet switches. In this TDM-to-Ethernet option, circuit emulation capabilities enable support for legacy TDM connections.
Option 3: P-OTS
An integrated platform provides the third backhaul alternative. In this solution, operators may continue to use existing equipment (if they desire). They add Ethernet and TDM capabilities (as needed) in a scalable, flexible and highly manageable configuration. Integrated systems—called Packet-Optical Transport Systems (P-OTSs)—which are typically modular for scalability.
Option 4: IP/MPLS
A fourth option for wireless backhaul deploys IP/MPLS routers at every node. The IP/MPLS solution typically consists of routers interconnected by fibers. Or it may include routers with transponder cards and passive WDM systems to support greater capacity on each fiber.
Wondering which solution is the best fit for your network? We outline the advantages and disadvantages of these solutions in our latest application note,4G Drives New Optical Wireless Backhaul Approaches.
